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The human body does not always show symptoms that something different is happening in your body. Sometimes, they are almost imperceptible signs or they can even be confused with other health issues. And so it is with women during their fertile lives and the occurrences that may arise throughout it, as is the case with the ovarian cyst.
What is Ovarian Cyst?
Ovarian cysts are small pockets that have liquid inside and that usually form inside or outside the ovaries. Most of the ovarian cysts or ovarian cysts as they are also known, are generated through or at the time of ovulation . Therefore, it is not considered as a serious case or of great concern to doctors.
But more specific assessments are needed to confirm its cause and what treatment is best suited to solve or at least control it. Through imaging exams it is possible to detect its shape, its measurements and determine the type of cyst in the ovary.
In the vast majority of cases, the ovarian cyst is benign and disappears completely without any intervention or treatment. In the case of persistence and the occurrence of symptoms, then the gynecologist will recommend a drug treatment, which is usually the basis of contraceptives.
Ovarian cyst is considered to be a common situation that can arise in women of childbearing age, especially in the 15 to 35 age group. Cysts can appear several times in the course of life, some disappear without even being discovered.
Types of Ovarian Cyst
As we have already mentioned above, most occurrences of cyst in the ovary are considered common, almost routine to the ovulatory cycle . But also, there are the types of cyst that bring a little more concern and require a more specific treatment for solution or follow-up.
Follicular Cyst
Follicular cyst is one of the types that do not cause concern. They usually occur when for some reason or hormonal lack of control , ovulation does not occur . In this situation, the egg does not leave the ovary and ends up generating a follicular cyst.
This follicular cyst can measure around 2 to 10 cm and no treatment is needed to remove it, since in 3 to 8 weeks, it disappears naturally.
Functional cyst and corpus luteum cyst
One of the most common types of cyst, the functional cyst is when the follicle is unable to release the egg in the ovulation process, and ends up generating a liquid in its internal part, giving rise to the functional cyst.
During the performance of an ultrasound, it is possible to check for the presence of several functional cysts, which may indicate that the woman has undergone multiple ovulation . They usually disappear naturally without intervention.
In the same process, the corpus luteum cyst may occur . In the same way that the functional is developed, but inside, instead of liquid, it contains a small amount of blood . In this case, the corpus luteum cyst can measure 3 to 4 cm and be ruptured during sudden movements or even during sexual intercourse.
In some cases, if it causes symptoms and discomfort, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove it or even by laparoscopy.
Teak-lutein cyst
Considered a cyst of a rarer type, it usually occurs in women undergoing treatments to get pregnant. Usually due to ovulatory over-stimulation caused by medications. It is usually controlled by suspending treatment or exchanging used substances.
Hemorrhagic Cyst
A little more worrisome than the other cysts, the hemorrhagic cyst is also a cyst considered common. But unlike the other cysts that have liquid inside, the hemorrhagic is composed of blood.
Usually the cysts disappear after the ovulatory phase, unlike the hemorrhagic cyst, which in addition to remaining active, continues to grow. The great risk is that the hemorrhagic speck will rupture and the blood inside will simply “leak” through the ovaries.
Depending on the size and intensity of the hemorrhagic cyst, the gynecologist will recommend a surgical procedure to remove this blood inside. The treatment for hemorrhagic cyst will depend on the type, size and risks it presents.
Cisto Dermoide
The Dermoid cyst, different from the others, is developed by the accumulation of cells in the region of the ovaries. Therefore, it can take years and years to be detected through imaging tests or even present any symptoms.
Even if it is located in the ovaries, the Dermoid cyst, if it is not large, does not interrupt ovulation. But when verified through exams, it is necessary to follow up or even surgical intervention to remove it. Since, over time it can grow and exceed the size of the ovaries causing severe pain for the woman.
Pure Endometrioma
As the name implies, an endometrioma cyst usually occurs with women who suffer from endometriosis . This type of cyst can occur both inside the ovaries and outside, including the uterus. Any area where you have contact with endometrial blood can be housed in an endometrioma cyst.
Treatment may occur through hormonal monitoring or in some cases, surgical intervention may be required to remove it.
Symptoms of Ovarian Cyst
As we have previously reported, cysts on the ovary do not always show symptoms. Some cases can be so quiet that a woman will go on for years before discovering it when performing an ultrasound exam .
In cysts considered to be larger, greater than 3 cm, there may be some signs, sometimes confused with other causes. Therefore, it is necessary in case of doubts, immediately seek your gynecologist or keep the visit and routine gynecological exams up to date.
- Pain during ovulation ;
- Pain in the ovary (on the side where the cyst is located);
- Uncontrolled and delayed menstruation ;
- Pain in sexual intercourse ;
- Menstrual escapes out of date;
- Changes in weight;
- Difficulty getting pregnant
Other symptoms can occur, such as increased sensitivity in the breasts, severe cramps , back pain, feeling of swollen belly. In order to have the correct diagnosis, the doctor will not be able to rely only on signs, therefore, evaluative exams will be requested for analysis and confirmation.
Diagnosis of Ovarian Cyst
Usually the exams requested by the gynecologist for analysis and confirmation of the presence of cysts, as well as their measurements and type of cyst are those of images, such as transvaginal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance, computed tomography and a beta HCG test may also be requested to check the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy.
Does Ovarian Cyst Prevent Pregnancy?
It is very common, when women are diagnosed with an ovarian cyst, to despair and believe that they are infertile. Actually, the cyst does not cause infertility,
but in some cases it can cause difficulties for the woman to get pregnant, but this depends on several factors.
The difficulties to get pregnant generated by the cyst in the ovary occur due to the hormonal changes that the problem causes . Usually the cyst causes irregular menstruation or even menstrual absence that will naturally reach the ovulatory phase, which in turn, without it, it is not possible to become pregnant.
So, if you want to get pregnant the best thing to do is to seek the gynecologist you trust, do all the tests requested and the treatment indicated. Usually, treatment for ovarian cysts is based on contraceptives, which will act on the ovaries, causing the cyst to disappear.
With proper follow-up, your ovaries will be clean within a few months and you will soon be free to start trying to conceive . The best way to resolve the situation quickly, is to do the right treatment, under medical supervision.
If the woman becomes pregnant, having cysts on the ovaries, specific prenatal care is necessary to ensure that no hormonal effects of the cyst will hinder the development of the embryo, especially in the first trimester, which is essential.
My name is Dr. Alexis Hart I am 38 years old, I am the mother of 3 beautiful children! Different ages, different phases 16 years, 12 years and 7 years. In love with motherhood since always, I found it difficult to make my dreams come true, and also some more after I was already a mother.
Since I imagined myself as a mother, in my thoughts everything seemed to be much easier and simpler than it really was, I expected to get pregnant as soon as I wished, but it wasn’t that simple. The first pregnancy was smooth, but my daughter’s birth was very troubled. Joana was born in 2002 with a weight of 2930kg and 45cm, from a very peaceful cesarean delivery but she had already been born with congenital pneumonia due to a broken bag not treated with antibiotics even before delivery.
